钙钛矿太阳能电池技术发展历史与现状

Perovskite Solar Cells:History and Latest Researches

中文关键词: 钙钛矿太阳能电池 染料敏化太阳能电池 非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池

英文关键词: perovskite solar cell, solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells, a-Si thin film solar cells

中文摘要:

      简要回顾了钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展历史,解释了钙钛矿太阳能电池本质上是固态染料敏化太阳能电池。介绍了钙钛矿太阳能电池的微观发电机理,结合钙钛矿太阳能电池的能级图分析讨论了钙钛矿与电子传输层和空穴传输层的能级匹配。分析总结了钙钛矿太阳能电池的光伏技术参数,包括光生电流密度、开路电压、填充因子、能量转换效率以及光伏性能的稳定性。钙钛矿太阳能电池的能量转换效率、短路电流密度和开路电压均已超过非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池,填充因子与非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池很接近。钙钛矿太阳能电池有希望实现产业化而成为下一代薄膜太阳能电池。指出了钙钛矿太阳能电池大规模市场应用在制造技术上的瓶颈即空穴传输层的造价昂贵,并综述了解决该瓶颈的最新研究工作。

英文摘要:

      Development history of perovskite solar cells is briefly reviewed. Perovskite solar cells are solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. The microcosmic mechanism of perovskite solar cells is put forward. Energy levels of the TiO₂/CH₃NH₃PbI₃/spiro-OMeTAD junction are given, showing that the conduction band minimum and valence band maximum of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ are well positioned for electrons injection into TiO₂ and holes transfer to spiro-OMeTAD, respectively. Photovoltaic performance parameters of perovskite solar cells such as short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltages, power conversion efficiency and fill factor are summarized. The power conversion efficiency, short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage of perovskite solar cells exceed that of a-Si thin film solar cells, while the fill factor approaches that of the latter. A conclusion is drawn that perovskite-based solar cells are expected to rea-lize industrialization and become the next generation thin-film solar cells.The bottleneck of marketization for perovskite-based solar cells is the fabrication of expensive hole transportation layer. The researches aim to resolve it are summarized.